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A. P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI),
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Boris_Borisov@vsegei.ru
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In Kola Peninsula, Karelia and Northern Dvina Basin the Late Valdai age
of moraines of the last glaciation formed by the ice of the Scandinavian
Shield is generally recognized. East of the Kuloi Plateau, down to the
Lower Ob River, opinions of different scientists concerning the age of
moraines associated with expansion of the Barents, Novaya Zemlya and
Kara ice covers, differ. Some of them date these moraines by the Late
Valdai; the others assign them to the Early Valdai. In the light of
available data the first point of view is more well-grounded. In
reference outcrop Vastyanovsky Kon' in the Lower Pechora the Late Valdai
moraine, in the structure of which interglacial sediments take part (MIS
3), is characterized in accordance with samples from fossil seed floras
by five radiocarbon datings: 24,790 -29,470 (see article by A.V.
Goldberg et al. in the collection of papers "Pleistocene of
Siberia and adjacent areas" 1973, pp. 151-178). Later radiocarbon
dating of the allochtonous peat in interglacial sediments showed the
out-of-limit age of the main part of samples (Kh.A. Arslanov et al.,
1987), as well as numerous datings on bulk sample and selectively
taken plant fragments (J. Mangerud et al., 1999). However, the
age of mammoth tusk, extracted from a washout in a sand spit, is in the
interval between 32,440±850 and 39,000±850 (A.S. Lavrov, L.M.
Potapenko "Neopleistocene of the north-east Russian Plain", 2005, p.
86) In all areas of the western Russian Arctic, bounded from the south by the
Arctic Circle, formations of the Late Valdai glaciation (Ostashkov,
Polar, Polar-Urals and Sartansk in accordance with stratigraphic charts
in force) are noted for well preserved eskers, kames, moraine relief and
numerous lakes. Marginal facies of this glaciation with numerous stadial
and oscillation ridges have a complicated structure and a peculiar
distribution. For example, in the boundaries of Kola Peninsula (as well
as within the limits of Kanin Peninsula, see article by Y.A. Lavrushin
and O.G. Epshtein in the Bulletin of the Commission on the Quaternary
study, 2001, No 64, pp. 35-60) along with widely developed moraines of
Scandinavian origin, stadial formations associated with the thrust of
the Barents Sea ice in the second half of MIS 2 are observed. In the boundaries of Bolshezemelskaya tundra, Pai-Khoi and Western
Cisurals ultimate moraines of the Late Valdai show up distinctly in
remote images. They clearly enough differ from the Early Valdai moraines
(MIS 4).
In the Northern part of the Polar Urals ice covers, which came from the
north, caused the valley-meshy character of the Late Valdai glaciation.
Not only local, but also transit ice took part in this glaciation.
Approximately to the latitude 67°40' in the west and 67°20' in the east
this ice prevented local ice from outflowing the foothills area. The
most representative and local foothill moraines south of the front of
transit moraines are observed in the Bolshaya Usa River valley in the
west (N 67°20') and in the Longotien River valley in the east (67° 10'),
where they descend to absolute elevations 150-200 m. Marginal facies of
the foothill moraine of the Sob glacier (N 67°) occur at the same
elevations in the area of Polyarny Ural railway station, where its
ultimate ridges are locally inserted into erosional hollows cutting a
young (MIS 2-3) foothill valley. |
Reference: Borisov B.A. Age of
the last glaciation in the western Russian Arctic.
Correlation of Pleistocene Events in the Russian North. International
Workshop Abstracts.
4-6
December
2006.
Saint-Petersburg,
2006,
p.
20. |